MEV 019: Unit 13 - Organisation of Reports and Thesis
UNIT 13: ORGANISATION OF REPORTS AND THESES
13.1
Introduction
In academic and research activities, reports
and theses play a crucial role in presenting findings, arguments, and
analyses in a structured and verifiable way.
They serve as formal documentation of work done, methods used, and
conclusions drawn.
Whether it’s a research report, a project dissertation, or a doctoral
thesis, effective organisation ensures clarity, credibility, and academic
value.
13.2
Objectives
After studying this unit, you will be able to:
- Define
what a report and a thesis are.
- Explain
the need for reports and theses.
- Distinguish
between reports, dissertations, and theses.
- Identify
different types of reports and theses.
- Understand
the standard layout and structure.
- Apply
principles of academic writing such as clarity, objectivity, and accuracy.
- Recognise
the importance of citation, editing, and proofreading.
13.3 What is
a Report?
A report is a structured and factual
document prepared for a specific purpose and audience.
It presents information clearly and logically, often based on investigation,
research, or analysis, with conclusions and recommendations.
Examples:
- Laboratory
report
- Business
feasibility report
- Field
survey report
13.4 What is
a Thesis?
A thesis is a lengthy, original piece of
academic writing that presents the author’s research and findings, usually
submitted as part of a postgraduate degree.
It involves:
- Identifying
a problem or research question.
- Reviewing
existing literature.
- Designing
and conducting research.
- Analysing
results.
- Drawing
conclusions and discussing implications.
13.5 Need
for Reports/Theses
- Documentation of
research work for reference.
- Communication of
results to peers, institutions, or policymakers.
- Evaluation of
student or researcher’s skills.
- Contribution to
existing body of knowledge.
13.6
Difference between Report, Dissertation, and Thesis
|
Feature |
Report |
Dissertation |
Thesis |
|
Purpose |
Inform or recommend |
Partial fulfilment of degree |
Fulfilment of advanced degree |
|
Length |
Short to medium |
Longer |
Longest |
|
Original Research |
Not always required |
Often required |
Required |
|
Depth of Analysis |
Limited |
Moderate |
In-depth |
13.7 Types
of Reports
- Research
Reports – Present outcomes of research projects.
- Technical
Reports – Focus on technical findings and procedures.
- Progress
Reports – Provide updates on ongoing work.
- Feasibility
Reports – Evaluate viability of proposed projects.
- Case
Study Reports – Analyse specific instances in detail.
13.8 Types
of Theses
- Undergraduate
Thesis – Shorter, often a final-year project.
- Master’s
Thesis – More detailed, includes primary research.
- Doctoral
Thesis/Dissertation – Extensive research, new contributions to
knowledge.
13.9 Layout
and Structure
A standard academic report/thesis includes:
- Preliminary
Pages
- Title page
- Acknowledgements
- Abstract
- Table of contents
- List of figures/tables
- Main
Text
- Introduction
- Literature review
- Methodology
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- End
Matter
- References
- Appendices
13.10
Components and Language
13.10.1 Academic Writing Style is Formal
Avoid slang, contractions, and personal anecdotes
unless contextually required.
13.10.2 Clarity
Write in simple, precise sentences. Avoid
ambiguity.
13.10.3 Objectivity
Present facts and evidence, avoiding personal bias.
13.10.4 Accuracy
Ensure data, facts, and references are correct and
verifiable.
13.10.5 Description and Narration
Use descriptive detail for methodology and
narrative flow for discussion.
13.10.6 Analysis vs Data Dumping
Interpret the data rather than merely listing it.
13.10.7 Cohesion and Brevity
Ensure logical flow between sections while keeping
writing concise.
13.10.8
Citation of Sources/References
- Use
recognised formats such as APA, MLA, or Chicago.
- Cite
all ideas, quotes, and data not your own to avoid plagiarism.
13.10.9
Language Components
- Correct
grammar and syntax.
- Consistent
tense usage.
- Appropriate
technical vocabulary.
13.10.10
Editing and Proofreading
- Correct
spelling and grammar errors.
- Ensure
consistency in style and formatting.
- Verify
all figures, tables, and references.
13.11 Let Us
Sum Up
- Reports
and theses are formal, structured academic documents.
- They
differ in purpose, depth, and length.
- Organisation,
clarity, and accuracy are essential.
- Proper
citation, editing, and proofreading enhance quality.
13.12 Key
Words
- Report –
Structured factual document for a specific audience.
- Thesis –
Academic document presenting original research.
- Dissertation – A
thesis usually submitted for a postgraduate degree.
- Citation –
Acknowledgement of information sources.
- Objectivity –
Presentation without personal bias.
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