MEVE 017: Unit 11 - Democracy, Civil Society and Ecology
UNIT 11: DEMOCRACY, CIVIL SOCIETY AND ECOLOGY
11.0 Introduction
This unit explores how democracy,
civil society, and ecology are closely connected. In a democratic
society, people have the right to participate in decisions that affect their
lives, including those related to the environment. Civil society—which includes
NGOs, community groups, environmental activists, and ordinary citizens—plays a
big role in protecting nature and raising awareness. This unit also looks at
how science and technology have developed over time, especially during
the Industrial Revolution, and how countries like India and other
developing nations adapt to new technologies in ways that affect both society
and the environment.
11.1 Objectives
This unit will help you:
- Understand the relationship
between democracy and ecological protection
- Learn the role of civil society
in environmental awareness and action
- Explore the historical
development of science and technology
- Understand the impact of the
Industrial Revolution in India
- Know how developing (third world)
countries adopt and use technology
11.2 Historical
Development of Science and Technology
Science and technology have changed
the way humans live, produce, travel, and communicate. Over time, scientific
discoveries have helped societies grow and solve problems. However, they have
also led to the overuse of natural resources, pollution, and environmental
imbalance. While science is useful, it must be used ethically and
responsibly to ensure it does not harm people or the planet.
11.2.1 Industrial
Revolution in Indian Context
The Industrial Revolution,
which began in Europe in the 18th century, brought new machines, factories, and
large-scale production. In India, industrial development started during British
rule but mostly served colonial interests. After independence, India focused on
building industries, dams, and technology-based growth. While this brought
economic progress, it also led to pollution, displacement, and environmental
loss. Today, India faces the challenge of balancing industrial development
with ecological protection.
11.3 Technology
Adaptation
Technology adaptation means how societies adopt and use new
tools, machines, or processes to meet their needs. Not all technologies suit
every country or community. When developing countries adopt technologies made
for different conditions, it can lead to problems like waste, resource misuse,
or environmental damage. Therefore, it’s important to adapt technologies in a
way that is suitable, eco-friendly, and community-based.
11.3.1 Third
World Countries and Adaptation of Technologies
In third world countries
(developing nations), adapting modern technology must consider local needs,
skills, and resources. For example, using solar energy in rural areas where
electricity is limited can be a smart and sustainable solution. However,
adopting large, foreign technologies without understanding their environmental
or social effects can increase pollution and inequality. So, technology in
these countries should be affordable, accessible, and environmentally
sustainable.
11.4 Let Us Sum
Up
Democracy gives people the right to be
part of decisions that affect the environment. Civil society plays a
powerful role in protecting nature and ensuring justice for all. While science
and technology have improved life, they must be used wisely. The Industrial Revolution
changed societies but also caused environmental harm. In developing countries,
adopting technology in a responsible and local-friendly way is
important. Ecology, society, and development must go hand in hand for a better,
fairer future.
Comments
Post a Comment